Legal Aspects of Project Management

Legal Aspects of Project Management1. Introduction to the suffer law jurisprudence of contain The law of thin is the study of legal principles which underlie all contracts it is not concerned with particular types of contracts and their specialized rules (Koffman and Macdonald 2001).What contract laws do?This slew be briefly explained as follows Agreement is formed mingled with two parties, when some disputes between the parties arise over the agreement, then nonpareil or both parties initiates the judicial process. accordingly the judicial applies the rules of the contract law like first they check with the formation and vitiation of the project and adds on the identification and interpretation of the express terms in the contract and check for the terms included in the contract, from that all they subtract the invalid expressions and terms and finally they look for the remedies of breach and gives the result. Though the contract law essentially stands on the basics of the agreement of the parties, the result is completely based on the process of judicial application of the contract law.Purpose of contract law Butterworths states that contract law has many purposes, but the central unmatched is to support and to control the million of agreements that collectively make up the market economy. ( turner C 2006) base on the chouseledge of law of contract, Legal advice will be precondition to the two models in the assignment. Firstly, Nancy and Andy case, Andy is advised whether Andy is eligible to clam the reward 3000 announced by Nancy for safe(p) return of her dog, which Nancy has refused to give to Andy even after safe return of her dog saying she form never do that gallop to him as a individual. Then in Finewines Ltd case, where the company could not fulfill all the customers, supplying there orders, as they dont hold sufficient stock and ecstasy is advised whether the disappointed customers might have a valid advance against their company.2. Nancy v Andy Case2.1. Brief gateway of the case.Nancy owns a pet dog called Rombo sensation day she find it missing, then she placed an advertisement in the journal stating MISSING DOG, OFFER OF REWARD and she also stated that I am pass 3000 for its safe return. Looking at the advertisement one person named Andy remembered that he saw the similar dog roaming in the nearby park and the near day he caught the dog and returned the dog to Nancy and remembered her about the extend she mentioned in the advertisement, in reply to that she said stop being so silly, Andy I have never do the offer to you as an individual and said him to leave the house. Andy has to be advised whether he is entitled to 3000 reward.2.2. Legal issues arising in the caseThe primary(prenominal) legal issue in the case is, whether Nancy is subjected to contract with Andy to pay him 3000.In order to solve the above legal issue we have to checkout the master(prenominal) elements of the contract in the case. Let the elements we are mainly going consider be offer, word sense and intention to be legally bandaged.2.3. Legal research associate to the case.Contract A contract is an agreement between two parties by which both are bounded in law and which arouse therefore be enforced in a court or other equivalent forum ( Turner C 2006), The person who places the offer is known as offeror and the person who accept the offer is an offeree. We have two different trems to be known, they are offer and acceptance(accept). This are the two main elements in a contract. ace way of classifying contracts is according to whether they are bilateral or unilateral.Bilateral contract In bilateral contract a promise by one party is exchanged for the promise of the other party (Duxbury R 1997). Where the both parties are bind to the contract.Unilateral contract In unilateral contract one party promise to do something in return for the act of the other party, the act is defined by the party makes the promi se (Duxbury R 1997).From the above description we know that the case we are dealing (Nancy Andy) may comes under unilateral contract. Nancy is the party who sets the contract, by makes the promise of offering 3000 for the safe return of the dog. Here safe return of the dog is the act set by Nancy.Offer An offer is a legal commitment, a proposal which invites, indeed presupposes, eventual acceptance. (David Oughton Martin Davis 1997). The person who sets the offer is known as offeror and the person who accepts to the offer is known as offeree. Offer may be addressed to one particular person, a convocation of people or the world at large, as in an offer of a reward (Duxbury R1997).In this case the advertisement made by Nancy can be considered as an offer and Nancy as an offeror and Nady is the offeree, the offer is an offer of reward which is addressed to the world at large.acceptance Acceptance may be defined as an unconditional assent, communicated by the offeree to the offeror, to all terms of the offer, made with the intention of accepting (Duxbury R 1997).Acceptance in unilateral contract Acceptance of a unilateral offer need not be communicated, because performance is the same as acceptance (Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co.(1893) 1 Q.B 256 Turner C 2006).Intention to be legally bounded The court have recognized that some agreements, by there nature, are not intend to be legally binding (Duxbury R 1997). The agreement does not become a binding contract unless the parties have shown, expressly or by implication, that they intended to urinate legal relations Rose and red hot v. Crompton Bros Ltd.1923. (W T Major 1993).Lindley LJ relating to the case Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co.1893 1 Q.B 256 says that we have to first consider whether the advertisement was intended to be a promise at all, or whether it was a mere puff which meant nothing. His answer for the header was it a mere puff? was No, he has made his answer upon the passage in the adverti sement 1000 is deposited with the Alliance Bank, shewing our sincerity in the matter where this statement clearly their promise (Burrows A 2007).The same question arises that whether really Nancy has given that advertisement to create a legal relation. The statement in the advertisement does not really promise that Nancy will be sure paying the reward to the person who brings her dog safe to her. In advertisements the court will look for the intention of the offeror in making the advertisement. As in the case of Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co.1893 1 Q.B 256. Therefore in this case, the reward Nancy has mentioned in her advertisement is mere puff and is not intended to form the introduction of a binging contract (Duxburg R 1997).2.4 Summary of the legal research.All the basic elements of the contract have not fulfilled to bind a contract. The offer made is not bind to the intention to be legally bounded and its mere puff. So a binding contract is not formed.2.5 Legal advice to A ndyThe advertisement given by Nancy in the newspaper is an offer of reward which is opened to the world which is a unilateral offer and the sentences of the offer are so vague as they do not mention about for how long is the offer is and there is no promise made regarding the reward.In the case of unilateral offer the acceptance is considered when the person starts the work as mentioned in the offer and there is no need to be any communication between the offeror and the offeree (in this case Nancy and Andy respectively). and so acceptance has occurred when Andy started to search the missing dog of Nancy. Then when it comes to the reward in the advertisement Nancy had not made any promise that she will be gravid the reward amount of 3000in the advertisement.So Nancy really does not intend to be legally bonded. Though Andy performed according to the offer it has got no value. Thus a extensive binding contract is not formed between Nancy and Andy so Andy does not have any valid clam against Nancy to clam for the reward.3. Finewines Ltd Case3.1. Brief introduction of the caseFinewines Ltd is an importer and distributor of fine wines, based in Sunderland, as a part of there sales strategy had distributed their monthly assort containing a angle of dip of wines and there harms to there customers. One among the list was flannel Australian wine for 75 per case.Looking at their catalogue ten of their customers had ordered for 100 cases of White Australian wine each, then Finewines Ltd realised that they do not hold that amount of stock to fulfil all the customers, all they have is only cholecalciferol cases of that White Australian wine as they did not excepted that sort of response that month and it had never occurred earlier and the general manager Adam want to know whether the disappointed customers hold any valid clam against them.3.2. Legal issues rising in the caseThe main issue is the whether the customers of Finewines Ltd have a valid claim against them. To solve the above issue we have to find whether the catalogues sent to the customers by Finewines Ltd is on offer or invitation to treaty.3.3 legal research related to the case.Distinguish between offer and Invitation to treaty An offer is an statement or expression of willingness to contract for certain terms, where it requires only an acceptance to form a binding agreement and it moldiness be distinguished from all other statements which are made in the course of negotiation in forming a contract only a offer has a capability to transfer in to an contract.The most common statements that have to be distinguished from offer are an invitation to treaty. The technical definition for invitation to treaty is the statements indicating the nobles willingness to receive offer (T A Dwones 1997).In this case the Finewines Ltd. company have sent their customers a catalogue which contains a list of wines and there price. The is no statement which is as define in the above sentence for an off er, so there is no statement of offer which could imeditally convert in to an contract, therefore it can be merely an invitation to treaty.Finewines Ltd sent the catalogue as their sales strategy to customers to receive offer from the customers. This is supported by Grainger Sons v Gough 1896 AC 325. In the scope of the distributed prise list which is similar to the distribution of the catalogues by Finewines Ltd, Lord Herschell said that the point was made that the supplier will not want to become bound to sale more of a particular item he can supply, which could occur in the prise list (or advertisement) was considered as an offer (Rowland D Macdonald E 2005).Second, relating to the order placed by the customers of Finewines Ltd, in a similar case of invitation to treaty which is the case of Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists (Southern) Ltd 1953 1 QB 401, where the goods displayed is considered as invitation to treaty and Lord Goddard CJs decision sta tes that the display was not an offer, where it was the customer who was making an offer to buy (Burrows A 2007). Similarly in this case the catalogue is not an offer and the order from the customer is the offer now its to the Finewines Ltd to accept the offer from the customers.3.4 Summary of the legal researchThe catalogue containing the price list of the wines does not form an offer, its an invitation to treaty and the orders from the customers based on that catalogue are the offers.3.5 Legal advice to AdamFinewines Ltd, an importers and distributor of fine wines has distributed their monthly catalogue containing the list of wines and their prices to their customers as their sales strategy, which is an invitation to treaty from the Finewines Ltd and the orders from the customers are the offers and its the Finewines Ltd to accept the offer that they can do as per the company norms if they have such as first come first serve, last come first serve etc., thus an contract is not form ed in between the customers and the company boulder clay now so the disappointed customers do not hold any valid clam against Finewines Ltd.ReferencesKoffman and Macdonald (2001). The Law Of Contract. 4th ed. Surrey Tolley.Mindy Chen-Wishart (2005). Contract Law. Oxford Oxford.Chris Turner (2006). Unlocking Contract Law 2nd ed. London Hodder Educations.Robert Duxbury (1997). Contract In Nutshells 4th ed. London Sweet and Maxwell.David Oughton and Martin Davis (2000). Source Book on Contract Law 2nd ed. London Cavendish produce Ltd.T A Dwones (1997). Text book on contract. 5th ed. London Black Stone Press Ltd.Chris Turner (2006). Contract Law 2nd. London Hodder Educations.Andrew Burrows (2007). A case book on contract. Oxford Hart Publications.Diane Rowland, Elizabeth Macdonald (2005). Information Technology Law. (http//books.google.co.uk/books? id=-VtTiR8niBECpg=RA10-PA273lpg=RA10-A273dq=grainger +%26+ sons+v+gough+1896+ac+325source=webots=6zk75i6NHksig=JfG3JbLF9eWRFibj-iDWS8fgE4Yh l=en)Table of casesCarlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co.1893 1 Q.B 256Rose and Frank v. Crompton Bros.1923Grainger Sons v Gough 1896 AC 325 7Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists (Southern) Ltd 1953 1 QB 401, 7

Gasoline Dependence Essays -- Environment, Carbon Emissions

For over 100 years, the automobile manufacture has relied on gasoline as its main source of fuel. Gasoline is a colorless, highly combustible substance used in internal combustion engines. It is a fossil fuel made from crude oil, a natural gas formed from the corpse of ancient plants and animals (Websters Dictionary). Gasoline has irresponsiblely influenced our way of life by providing convenient, on demand transportation. It has created a global economy that moves people and goods faster and more easily than ever imagined (Povey 12). Although a seemingly perfect substance, it has unprecedented flaws. The tremendous political, environmental, and economic problems resultant from the excessive use of gasoline leads to the conclusion that the automobile industry should non continue to rely on this source of fuel.Environmental RisksWhen the problems with gasoline use be considered, the catastrophic environmental effects are the primary concern. gondola use consumes 70 percent of t he United States oil interpret and is responsible for one-third of the nations carbon emissions (Lovins 173). This results in pollution, global contendming, and health problems for the people, plants, and animals. The explore for alternative fuel is powered by the increasingly evident environmental problems and long-term health of the planet (Povey 17). Fortunately, reducing emissions globally is predicted to have a positive effect and offset previous harms (Backer).As years pass and demand for gasoline increases, it is inevitable that the populations oil supply will not last forever. This idea is made increasingly clear by evidence of peaking. Peak production is the point in time when about one-half of the worlds oil supply will be gone. Oil production in a given ... ...Africa, simply to ensure a steady supply of oil for the States. Finding an alternative fuel would be much safer, and much less expensive. Alternative fuels also do not fund a war against America. By paying for such large amounts of oil, America is funding both sides of the Islamic war Middle East countries use American money to crusade (Hobson). Alternative fuels allow America to keep to themselves and avoid conflict.Gasoline is thought to be a helpful substance to all countries worldwide. However, the negative effects are far greater than the positive. A diversity of clean fuels is vital for the political, environmental, and economic health of America. Although gasoline is a product depended on by the United States of America and many other countries, the negative effects are unbearable, dangerous, and unnecessary due to the opportunity to use alternative fuels.

Removal of the Cherokee Essay -- essays research papers

In The Cherokee Removal, Perdue and Green show the trials that the Cherokee faced in the years from 1700 to 1840. This book shows how the Americans well-tried to remove these Indians from the southeastern part of the United States. The Cherokees tried to overcome the attempts of removal, but finally in 1838, they were removed from the area.The Cherokees lived in the valleys of rivers that drained the southern Appalachians (Perdue, 1). The British first came into Cherokee country in 1700. They came for devil major reasons deerskins and contend captives. They brought guns and ammunition, metal knives, hoes, hatchets, fabrics, kettles, rum, and trinkets. They took the Cherokee and made them slaves. The British built two forts to protect the Cherokees while they were fighting the enemies of the British. The Cherokees entered the French and Indian War on the side of the British (Perdue, 6). Attacks on Cherokees by white frontiersmen and duplicity by colonial officials caused the Chero kees to shift their allegiance to the French. During the war, the British destroyed many Cherokee towns.The war the American Revolution caused many British settlers to push westward. These settlers began to compete with the Cherokees for land. The Cherokee were glad when the Proclamation of 1763 was put into effect. This prevented settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. Most of the settlers became enemies. The settlers attacked the Cherokees, destroying many towns and killing many people. This attack caused the Cherokees to end their affair in the American Revolution. The American colonist continued to take over the Cherokee land.In 1783, the American Revolution ended. Since most of the Cherokees helped the British in the Revolutionary War, the Americans ask to make peace with them. Then in1785, the treaty of Hopewell was signed (Perdue 8). This was a peace treaty between the Cherokee and the Americans. This treaty defined the Cherokees boundaries and it gave them the right to get rid of uncalled-for settlers. The states of Georgia and North Carolina ignored this treaty. The people of these states expanded into Cherokee land, and the Cherokees continued to resist.The Americans needed to come up with another system. Henry Knox was gave the task to come up wit... ...(Perdue 20). It gave them two years to prepare for removal. Many of the Cherokees, led by John Ross, protested this treaty. However, in the winter of 1838-1839, all of the Cherokees headed west toward Oklahoma. This removal of the Cherokees is now known, as the Trail of separate was a very gruesome event. During the trip from the southern United States to current day Oklahoma, many of the Cherokees died. Shortly after their arrival in Oklahoma, they began to rebuild. They began tilling fields, direct their children to school, and attending Council meetings (Perdue 170).The Cherokees were very civilized in dealing with the trails of removal. These people endured more than any other group o f people throughout history. They played within the rules in their struggle. They did not want to start a war with the Americans. The Cherokees resisted removal and took it to court. Despite all of their tries to keep their land, they were removed. Work CitedGreen, Michael D., and Theda Perdue, eds. The Cherokee Removal A brief History with Documents. sassy York Bedford Books of St. Martins Press, 1995.

The Media: Does It Shape Societies View on Femininity? :: essays research papers

The MediaDoes It Shape Societys View of Femininity?The question answers itself. Yes, the media definitely influences todays society via messages through the television, radio, magazines, and billboards. It seems that in todays day and age to even be noticed as a woman one must be tall, skinny, blonde, and countless other things that the average woman could only hope for. Today, if one is not comfortable with who or what they are, they may encounter many dilemmas. I found three convincing reasons to support my claim the rise of eating disorders throughout history, percentages and statistics, and my own personal experience.The vacate of Eating Disorders Throughout HistoryAs furthermost back as the 18th century, women began dieting. They submitted themselves to food deprivation, enemas, and purging. In order to achieve that hourglass figure, some women went as far as having their lower ribs surgically removed.(Collins 199) In the 1940s and 50s, full figure females were popularized by movie stars like Ava Gardner, Jane Russell, and Marlyn Monroe, but they were, however, short lived. With the introduction of Playboy, drift, and Cosmopolitan, eating disorders have quickly taken over our society. The great majority of American women are culturally conditioned to strive for a fragile figure. Advertising, television, films, and the fashion industry relentlessly drive home the message, and women who dont naturally fit the mold often respond by dieting or even surgery.Percentages and Statistics tally to the National Eating Disorders Association, Media images that help to create a cultural definition of beauty and draw are often acknowledged as being among those factors impart to the rise of eating disorders(165). Media messages screaming thin is in may not cause eating disorders but help to create a context in which people learn to put a value on their body.The medias power over our development of self-esteem and body image can be unbelievably strong. According to a recent survey of adolescent girls, the media is their main source on womens health issues ( Common Wealth Fund 348) , and researchers estimate that 60% of lay school girls read at least one fashion magazine regularly (Levine 1997). Another study of mass media magazines discovered that Womens magazines had 10.5 times more advertisements and articles promoting slant loss than mens magazines did (ctd. in Guillen & Barr 465). There was a study of 4,294 network television commercials which revealed that one out of every 3.8 commercials send some sort of attractiveness message, telling

Criminological Theories Essay -- Legal Issues, Crime

Many of the traditional crimino crystal clear theories focused to a greater extent on biological, mental and sociological explanations of curse rather than on the cost and benefits of crime. More conservative approaches, including routine actives, lifestyle exposure and opportunity theories have clearly incorporated crime rate patterns as a fundamental part of analyzing the economics of crime. Crime statistics be important for the simple reason that they help put theories into a logical perspective. For example, a prospective home owner may want to look at crime rates in areas of potential occupancy. On a more complex level, it helps law enforcement and legislators create effective crime reduction programs. Furthermore, it also helps these agencies determine if crime prevention programs, that have been in effect, have been successful. There are many factors that influence the rates of crime including socio economic status, geographical location, culture and other lifestyle factors . More specifically, Messner and Blau (1987) used routine activities theory to test the family relationship between the indicators of unemployed activities and the rate of serious crimes. They discussed two types of leisure actives, the first being a household pastime, which primarily focused on television watching. The game type was a non-household leisure event which was consisted of attendance to sporting events, cinemas, and entertainment districts. The focus of this paper will be to study the effects that substantial amounts of leisure activities have on the offender and the victim. Leisure activities not only make a crime more opportunistic for offenders, it may also provide offenders with need to engage in wretched activity. On the other hand, it may also be argue... ... such as walking in well lit areas, abstaining from areas cut as hot spots, and letting someone know your whereabouts, are suggested. Also, these individuals should be aware of the risks that come with certain types of activities. In conjunction to awareness, individuals should be gnarly in family leisure activities so that their idle hands do not become the devils workshop. Parents provide the primary foundation in the childrens socialization if this performance is not effective or neglected the result could be detrimental. It may lead children to transition into adulthood without the fundamental skills that prevent the development of a criminal disposition. Now that routine activities theory has created a clear understanding of the economics of crime, lets focus our research on which parenting methods could prevent criminality or crime before if ever develops.

Hannibal :: essays research papers

- North American moviegoers were hungry for Hannibal the Cannibal at the weekend."Hannibal," a thriller starring Sir Anthony Hopkins in a long-awaited follow-up to the 1991 hit "The suppress of the Lambs," grossed a record-breaking $58 million in its first three days of wall plug in the United States and Canada, according to studio estimates issued on Sunday.If the poesy hold when final data are issued on Monday, "Hannibal" will replace 2000s "Mission Impossible II" ($57.9 million) as the third-highest bow in movie history, aft(prenominal) 1997s "The Lost World Jurassic Park" ($72 million) and 1999s "Star Wars Episode One -- The Phantom Menace" ($64.8 million). It also set new records for a non-summer opening, an R-rated release and for a release by domestic distributor Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc."I must confess I expected it to be big, but not this big," "Hannibal" producer Dino De Laurentiis told Reuters from Berlin. thus most industry expectations were in the $35 million- $40 million range. MGM distribution president Larry Gleason said he had hoped to surpass the $42 million bow of the 2000 disgust spoof "Scary Movie," which held the record for an R-rated release.AUDIENCE LOVES THE VILLAINThe film stars Hopkins as elegant cannibal Hannibal Lecter. When hes not disemboweling or dining on his hapless victims, he engages in a transatlantic cat-and-mouse game with FBI agent Clarice Starling, played by Julianne Moore. Jodie Foster played Starling in "Lambs," but opted not to return, reportedly because of the new films violence. Ridley Scott (" gladiator") directed. The original was directed by Jonathan Demme.De Laurentiis, in Berlin for the films screening on Sunday night at the German capitals annual film festival, said audiences have conferred paladin status on Hannibal Lecter."When hes forced to kill, he kills somebody the audience wants to kill too," he said. & quotHannibal is a picture in its own. Its a picture that will be remembered forever."He said Hopkins, who received a $10 million-plus salary for "Hannibal," had asked to be in a sequel. This was confirmed by MGMs Gleason. Whereas "Silence" and "Hannibal" were based on novels by Thomas Harris, the new project would probably bypass the book stage and go straight to script, Gleason said.As for the violent scenes, both De Laurentiis and Gleason noted that they were staged in an understated way with irony and humor."Its playing much more fun than violent, in a weird way," Gleason said. "Theres a lot of nervous laughter (among the audience).

Essay on the Illusion of Escape in The Glass Menagerie -- Glass Menage

The Illusion of Escape in The scrap Menagerie In The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams, the characters exhibit a state of delusion that originates from their dissatisfaction with their stand firms. turkey cock seeks adventure in the movies. Amanda reminisces often near her days as a gray Belle. Laura sits in a dream world with her glass collection, and Jim basks in the praises of his high school glory. In their respective ways, they submit their restlessness. The quotation from Thoreau, The mass of men be given lives of the quiet desperation, applies to the characters in that they are all unhappy, but take no action to improve their situation in any significant way. Tom, as the narrator, explains to the interview the progression of the play and allots this with the pleasant guise of illusion. When he speaks to the audience, the events he relates are in the past, and he has real numberized how distanced his family had been from real life. Through the play, he is angry and acidulated because of his duty to his sister and mother. His father absconded, leaving Tom as the sole provider, a title neither wanted. Tom is not prepared to settle subjugate and feels as though he makes a slave of himself. Whether or not he had the ability to create a separate life for himself, Tom feels dictated in a nailed up coffin. He is tortured by boredom in the warehouse and aches for his own romance of life. He remarked to Laura that he did not chicane how anyone could get himself out of a coffin without removing one nail. A primary source of his desperation is the fact that he tell apart that if he leaves he will disgrace Laura, and he does not want that. He is inactive on his own behalf for a long time, feeling wrap by a life he cannot stand. He is... ... They scurry around trying to end their suffering, but they impede each others efforts through their individual ones. These community seem doomed to their fates to run away, to live in the past, or to exis t continually in a intangible world. Works Cited and Consulted Bloom, Harold. Introduction. Tennessee Williams. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House, 1987. 1-8. King, Thomas L. caustic remark and Distance in The Glass Menagerie. In Tennessee Williams. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House, 1987. 85-94. Levy, Eric P. Through Soundproof Glass The Prison of Self Consciousness in The Glass Menagerie. Modern Drama, 36. December 1993. 529-537. Williams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. In Literature An Introduction to Reading and Writing, quaternary ed. Ed. Edgar V. Roberts and Henry E. Jacobs. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall, 1995. 1519-1568. Essay on the Illusion of Escape in The Glass Menagerie -- Glass MenageThe Illusion of Escape in The Glass Menagerie In The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams, the characters exhibit a state of delusion that originates from their dissatisfaction with their lives. Tom seeks adventure in the movies. Amanda reminisces of ten about her days as a Southern Belle. Laura sits in a dream world with her glass collection, and Jim basks in the praises of his high school glory. In their respective ways, they demonstrate their restlessness. The quotation from Thoreau, The mass of men lead lives of the quiet desperation, applies to the characters in that they are all unhappy, but take no action to improve their situation in any significant way. Tom, as the narrator, explains to the audience the progression of the play and allots this with the pleasant guise of illusion. When he speaks to the audience, the events he relates are in the past, and he has realized how distanced his family had been from real life. Through the play, he is angry and bitter because of his duty to his sister and mother. His father absconded, leaving Tom as the sole provider, a title neither wanted. Tom is not prepared to settle down and feels as though he makes a slave of himself. Whether or not he had the ability to create a separate life for himself, Tom feels placed in a nailed up coffin. He is tortured by boredom in the warehouse and aches for his own vision of life. He remarked to Laura that he did not know how anyone could get himself out of a coffin without removing one nail. A primary source of his desperation is the fact that he know that if he leaves he will destroy Laura, and he does not want that. He is inactive on his own behalf for a long time, feeling enclosed by a life he cannot stand. He is... ... They scurry around trying to end their suffering, but they impede each others efforts through their individual ones. These people seem doomed to their fates to run away, to live in the past, or to exist continually in a intangible world. Works Cited and Consulted Bloom, Harold. Introduction. Tennessee Williams. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House, 1987. 1-8. King, Thomas L. Irony and Distance in The Glass Menagerie. In Tennessee Williams. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House, 1987. 85-94. Le vy, Eric P. Through Soundproof Glass The Prison of Self Consciousness in The Glass Menagerie. Modern Drama, 36. December 1993. 529-537. Williams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. In Literature An Introduction to Reading and Writing, 4th ed. Ed. Edgar V. Roberts and Henry E. Jacobs. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall, 1995. 1519-1568.